Chapter 11: initial samples

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+var createError = require("http-errors");
+var express = require("express");
+var path = require("path");
+var cookieParser = require("cookie-parser");
+var logger = require("morgan");
+
+var indexRouter = require("./routes/index");
+var usersRouter = require("./routes/users");
+var inventoryRouter = require("./routes/inventory");
+
+var app = express();
+
+// view engine setup
+app.set("views", path.join(__dirname, "views"));
+app.set("view engine", "ejs");
+
+app.use(logger("dev"));
+app.use(express.json());
+app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
+app.use(cookieParser());
+app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, "public")));
+
+app.use("/", indexRouter);
+app.use("/users", usersRouter);
+app.use("/inventory", inventoryRouter);
+
+// catch 404 and forward to error handler
+app.use(function (req, res, next) {
+  next(createError(404));
+});
+
+// error handler
+app.use(function (err, req, res, next) {
+  // set locals, only providing error in development
+  res.locals.message = err.message;
+  res.locals.error = req.app.get("env") === "development" ? err : {};
+
+  // render the error page
+  res.status(err.status || 500);
+  res.render("error");
+});
+
+process.on("unhandledRejection", (reason, promise) => {
+  console.log("Unhandled Rejection at:", promise, "reason:", reason);
+  process.exit(1);
+});
+
+module.exports = app;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bin/www

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var app = require('../app');
+var debug = require('debug')('bookstore-web-app:server');
+var http = require('http');
+
+/**
+ * Get port from environment and store in Express.
+ */
+
+var port = normalizePort(process.env.PORT || '3000');
+app.set('port', port);
+
+/**
+ * Create HTTP server.
+ */
+
+var server = http.createServer(app);
+
+/**
+ * Listen on provided port, on all network interfaces.
+ */
+
+server.listen(port);
+server.on('error', onError);
+server.on('listening', onListening);
+
+/**
+ * Normalize a port into a number, string, or false.
+ */
+
+function normalizePort(val) {
+  var port = parseInt(val, 10);
+
+  if (isNaN(port)) {
+    // named pipe
+    return val;
+  }
+
+  if (port >= 0) {
+    // port number
+    return port;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event listener for HTTP server "error" event.
+ */
+
+function onError(error) {
+  if (error.syscall !== 'listen') {
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  var bind = typeof port === 'string'
+    ? 'Pipe ' + port
+    : 'Port ' + port;
+
+  // handle specific listen errors with friendly messages
+  switch (error.code) {
+    case 'EACCES':
+      console.error(bind + ' requires elevated privileges');
+      process.exit(1);
+      break;
+    case 'EADDRINUSE':
+      console.error(bind + ' is already in use');
+      process.exit(1);
+      break;
+    default:
+      throw error;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event listener for HTTP server "listening" event.
+ */
+
+function onListening() {
+  var addr = server.address();
+  var bind = typeof addr === 'string'
+    ? 'pipe ' + addr
+    : 'port ' + addr.port;
+  debug('Listening on ' + bind);
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+var createError = require('http-errors');
+var express = require('express');
+var path = require('path');
+var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
+var logger = require('morgan');
+
+var indexRouter = require('./routes/index');
+var usersRouter = require('./routes/users');
+
+var app = express();
+
+// view engine setup
+app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));
+app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
+
+app.use(logger('dev'));
+app.use(express.json());
+app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
+app.use(cookieParser());
+app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
+
+app.use('/', indexRouter);
+app.use('/users', usersRouter);
+
+// catch 404 and forward to error handler
+app.use(function(req, res, next) {
+  next(createError(404));
+});
+
+// error handler
+app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {
+  // set locals, only providing error in development
+  res.locals.message = err.message;
+  res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};
+
+  // render the error page
+  res.status(err.status || 500);
+  res.render('error');
+});
+
+module.exports = app;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/bin/www

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var app = require('../app');
+var debug = require('debug')('bookstore-web-appcd:server');
+var http = require('http');
+
+/**
+ * Get port from environment and store in Express.
+ */
+
+var port = normalizePort(process.env.PORT || '3000');
+app.set('port', port);
+
+/**
+ * Create HTTP server.
+ */
+
+var server = http.createServer(app);
+
+/**
+ * Listen on provided port, on all network interfaces.
+ */
+
+server.listen(port);
+server.on('error', onError);
+server.on('listening', onListening);
+
+/**
+ * Normalize a port into a number, string, or false.
+ */
+
+function normalizePort(val) {
+  var port = parseInt(val, 10);
+
+  if (isNaN(port)) {
+    // named pipe
+    return val;
+  }
+
+  if (port >= 0) {
+    // port number
+    return port;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event listener for HTTP server "error" event.
+ */
+
+function onError(error) {
+  if (error.syscall !== 'listen') {
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  var bind = typeof port === 'string'
+    ? 'Pipe ' + port
+    : 'Port ' + port;
+
+  // handle specific listen errors with friendly messages
+  switch (error.code) {
+    case 'EACCES':
+      console.error(bind + ' requires elevated privileges');
+      process.exit(1);
+      break;
+    case 'EADDRINUSE':
+      console.error(bind + ' is already in use');
+      process.exit(1);
+      break;
+    default:
+      throw error;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event listener for HTTP server "listening" event.
+ */
+
+function onListening() {
+  var addr = server.address();
+  var bind = typeof addr === 'string'
+    ? 'pipe ' + addr
+    : 'port ' + addr.port;
+  debug('Listening on ' + bind);
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "name": "bookstore-web-appcd",
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node ./bin/www"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "cookie-parser": "~1.4.4",
+    "debug": "~2.6.9",
+    "ejs": "~2.6.1",
+    "express": "~4.16.1",
+    "http-errors": "~1.6.3",
+    "morgan": "~1.9.1"
+  }
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/public/stylesheets/style.css

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+body {
+  padding: 50px;
+  font: 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+a {
+  color: #00B7FF;
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/routes/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var express = require('express');
+var router = express.Router();
+
+/* GET home page. */
+router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
+  res.render('index', { title: 'Express' });
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/routes/users.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var express = require('express');
+var router = express.Router();
+
+/* GET users listing. */
+router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
+  res.send('respond with a resource');
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/views/error.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<h1><%= message %></h1>
+<h2><%= error.status %></h2>
+<pre><%= error.stack %></pre>

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/bookstore-web-appcd/views/index.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title><%= title %></title>
+    <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1><%= title %></h1>
+    <p>Welcome to <%= title %></p>
+  </body>
+</html>

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/package-lock.json

@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
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+  "name": "bookstore-web-app",
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+      "integrity": "sha1-sr9O6FFKrmFltIF4KdIbLvSZBOw="
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/utils-merge/-/utils-merge-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-n5VxD1CiZ5R7LMwSR0HBAoQn5xM="
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vary/-/vary-1.1.2.tgz",
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+    }
+  }
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "name": "bookstore-web-app",
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node ./bin/www"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "cookie-parser": "~1.4.4",
+    "debug": "~2.6.9",
+    "ejs": "~2.6.1",
+    "express": "~4.16.1",
+    "http-errors": "~1.6.3",
+    "morgan": "~1.9.1",
+    "node-fetch": "^2.6.0"
+  }
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/public/stylesheets/style.css

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+body {
+  padding: 50px;
+  font: 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+a {
+  color: #00B7FF;
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/routes/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var express = require('express');
+var router = express.Router();
+
+/* GET home page. */
+router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
+  res.render('index', { title: 'Express' });
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/routes/inventory.js

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+const { Router } = require("express");
+const fetch = require("node-fetch");
+
+const router = Router();
+
+router.get("/", function (req, res) {
+  fetch("http://localhost:3000/books")
+    .then((res) => res.json())
+    .then((json) =>
+      res.render("inventory", {
+        books: json,
+      })
+    )
+    .catch((error) => {
+      res.render("error", {
+        error: error,
+        message: error.message,
+      });
+    });
+});
+
+router.post("/add", function (req, res) {
+  console.log(req.body);
+
+  fetch("http://localhost:3000/books", {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify(req.body),
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+  })
+    .then(res.redirect("/inventory"))
+    .catch((err) => {
+      throw err;
+    });
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/routes/users.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var express = require('express');
+var router = express.Router();
+
+/* GET users listing. */
+router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
+  res.send('respond with a resource');
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/views/error.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<h1><%= message %></h1>
+<h2><%= error.status %></h2>
+<pre><%= error.stack %></pre>

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/views/index.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title><%= title %></title>
+    <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1><%= title %></h1>
+    <p>Welcome to <%= title %></p>
+  </body>
+</html>

Chapter11/bookstore-error-handling/views/inventory.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Book Inventory</title>
+    <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Book Inventory</h1>
+    <ul>
+        <% for(let book of books) { %>
+            <li><%= book.title %> - <%= book.author %></li>
+        <% } %>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h2>Add Book:</h2>
+    <form action="/inventory/add" method="POST">
+        <label for="title">Title</label>
+        <input type="text" name="title" />
+        <label for="author">Author</label>
+        <input type="text" name="author" />
+        <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button>
+    </form>
+  </body>
+</html>

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/.vscode/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "git.ignoreLimitWarning": true
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+var createError = require('http-errors');
+var express = require('express');
+var path = require('path');
+var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
+var logger = require('morgan');
+
+var indexRouter = require('./routes/index');
+var usersRouter = require('./routes/users');
+var inventoryRouter = require('./routes/inventory');
+
+var app = express();
+
+// view engine setup
+app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));
+app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
+
+app.use(logger('dev'));
+app.use(express.json());
+app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
+app.use(cookieParser());
+app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
+
+app.use('/', indexRouter);
+app.use('/users', usersRouter);
+app.use('/inventory', inventoryRouter);
+
+// catch 404 and forward to error handler
+app.use(function(req, res, next) {
+  next(createError(404));
+});
+
+// error handler
+app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {
+  // set locals, only providing error in development
+  res.locals.message = err.message;
+  res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};
+
+  // render the error page
+  res.status(err.status || 500);
+  res.render('error');
+});
+
+module.exports = app;
+
+process.on("unhandledRejection", (reason, promise) => {
+  console.log("Unhandled Rejection at:", promise, "reason:", reason);
+  process.exit(1);
+});

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/bin/www

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+/**
+ * Module dependencies.
+ */
+
+var app = require('../app');
+var debug = require('debug')('bookstore-web-app:server');
+var http = require('http');
+
+/**
+ * Get port from environment and store in Express.
+ */
+
+var port = normalizePort(process.env.PORT || '3000');
+app.set('port', port);
+
+/**
+ * Create HTTP server.
+ */
+
+var server = http.createServer(app);
+
+/**
+ * Listen on provided port, on all network interfaces.
+ */
+
+server.listen(port);
+server.on('error', onError);
+server.on('listening', onListening);
+
+/**
+ * Normalize a port into a number, string, or false.
+ */
+
+function normalizePort(val) {
+  var port = parseInt(val, 10);
+
+  if (isNaN(port)) {
+    // named pipe
+    return val;
+  }
+
+  if (port >= 0) {
+    // port number
+    return port;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event listener for HTTP server "error" event.
+ */
+
+function onError(error) {
+  if (error.syscall !== 'listen') {
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  var bind = typeof port === 'string'
+    ? 'Pipe ' + port
+    : 'Port ' + port;
+
+  // handle specific listen errors with friendly messages
+  switch (error.code) {
+    case 'EACCES':
+      console.error(bind + ' requires elevated privileges');
+      process.exit(1);
+      break;
+    case 'EADDRINUSE':
+      console.error(bind + ' is already in use');
+      process.exit(1);
+      break;
+    default:
+      throw error;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event listener for HTTP server "listening" event.
+ */
+
+function onListening() {
+  var addr = server.address();
+  var bind = typeof addr === 'string'
+    ? 'pipe ' + addr
+    : 'port ' + addr.port;
+  debug('Listening on ' + bind);
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/package-lock.json

@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+{
+  "name": "bookstore-web-app",
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 1,
+  "requires": true,
+  "dependencies": {
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/accepts/-/accepts-1.3.7.tgz",
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+      "requires": {
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.24",
+        "negotiator": "0.6.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "array-flatten": {
+      "version": "1.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/array-flatten/-/array-flatten-1.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-ml9pkFGx5wczKPKgCJaLZOopVdI="
+    },
+    "basic-auth": {
+      "version": "2.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/basic-auth/-/basic-auth-2.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-NF+epuEdnUYVlGuhaxbbq+dvJttwLnGY+YixlXlME5KpQ5W3CnXA5cVTneY3SPbPDRkcjMbifrwmFYcClgOZeg==",
+      "requires": {
+        "safe-buffer": "5.1.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "body-parser": {
+      "version": "1.18.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/body-parser/-/body-parser-1.18.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-WykhmP/dVTs6DyDe0FkrlWlVyLQ=",
+      "requires": {
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+        "content-type": "~1.0.4",
+        "debug": "2.6.9",
+        "depd": "~1.1.2",
+        "http-errors": "~1.6.3",
+        "iconv-lite": "0.4.23",
+        "on-finished": "~2.3.0",
+        "qs": "6.5.2",
+        "raw-body": "2.3.3",
+        "type-is": "~1.6.16"
+      }
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+    "bytes": {
+      "version": "3.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bytes/-/bytes-3.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha1-0ygVQE1olpn4Wk6k+odV3ROpYEg="
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+    }
+  }
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "name": "bookstore-web-app",
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node ./bin/www"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "cookie-parser": "~1.4.4",
+    "debug": "~2.6.9",
+    "ejs": "~2.6.1",
+    "express": "~4.16.1",
+    "http-errors": "~1.6.3",
+    "morgan": "~1.9.1",
+    "node-fetch": "^2.6.0"
+  }
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/public/stylesheets/style.css

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+body {
+  padding: 50px;
+  font: 14px "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+a {
+  color: #00B7FF;
+}

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/routes/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var express = require('express');
+var router = express.Router();
+
+/* GET home page. */
+router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
+  res.render('index', { title: 'Express' });
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/routes/inventory.js

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+const { Router } = require("express");
+const fetch = require("node-fetch");
+
+const router = Router();
+
+router.get("/", function (req, res) {
+  fetch("http://localhost:3000/books")
+    .then((res) => res.json())
+    .then((json) =>
+      res.render("inventory", {
+        books: json,
+      })
+    )
+    .catch((error) => {
+      res.render("error", {
+        error: error,
+        message: error.message,
+      });
+    });
+});
+
+
+router.post("/add", function (req, res) {
+  console.log(req.body);
+
+  fetch("http://localhost:3000/books", {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify(req.body),
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+  })
+    .then(res.redirect("/inventory"))
+    .catch((err) => {
+      throw err;
+    });
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/routes/users.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var express = require('express');
+var router = express.Router();
+
+/* GET users listing. */
+router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
+  res.send('respond with a resource');
+});
+
+module.exports = router;

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/views/error.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<h1><%= message %></h1>
+<h2><%= error.status %></h2>
+<pre><%= error.stack %></pre>

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/views/index.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title><%= title %></title>
+    <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1><%= title %></h1>
+    <p>Welcome to <%= title %></p>
+  </body>
+</html>

Chapter11/bookstore-web-app/views/inventory.ejs

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Book Inventory</title>
+    <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Book Inventory</h1>
+    <ul>
+        <% for(let book of books) { %>
+            <li><%= book.title %> - <%= book.author %></li>
+        <% } %>
+    </ul>
+    <h2>Add Book:</h2>
+    <form action="/inventory/add" method="POST">
+        <label for="title">Title</label>
+        <input type="text" name="title" />
+        <label for="author">Author</label>
+        <input type="text" name="author" />
+        <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button>
+    </form>
+  </body>
+</html>

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+.git
+.gitignore
+node_modules
+npm-debug.log

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Logs
+logs
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+
+# Runtime data
+pids
+*.pid
+*.seed
+
+# Directory for instrumented libs generated by jscoverage/JSCover
+lib-cov
+
+# Coverage directory used by tools like istanbul
+coverage
+
+# nyc test coverage
+.nyc_output
+
+# Grunt intermediate storage (http://gruntjs.com/creating-plugins#storing-task-files)
+.grunt
+
+# node-waf configuration
+.lock-wscript
+
+# Compiled binary addons (http://nodejs.org/api/addons.html)
+build/Release
+
+# Dependency directories
+node_modules
+jspm_packages
+
+# Optional npm cache directory
+.npm
+
+# Optional REPL history
+.node_repl_history
+
+# 0x
+profile-*
+
+# mac files
+.DS_Store
+
+# vim swap files
+*.swp
+
+# webstorm
+.idea
+
+# vscode
+.vscode
+*code-workspace
+
+# clinic
+profile*
+*clinic*
+*flamegraph*
+
+# generated code
+*/**/*.js
+dist

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+FROM node
+
+WORKDIR "/app"
+
+RUN apt-get update \
+ && apt-get dist-upgrade -y \
+ && apt-get clean \
+ && echo 'Finished installing dependencies'
+
+COPY package*.json ./
+
+RUN npm install --production
+
+COPY . /app
+
+ENV PORT 3000
+
+EXPOSE 3000
+
+USER node
+
+CMD ["npm", "start"]

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+'use strict'
+
+const path = require('path')
+const AutoLoad = require('fastify-autoload')
+
+module.exports = async function (fastify, opts) {
+  // Place here your custom code!
+
+  // Do not touch the following lines
+
+  // This loads all plugins defined in plugins
+  // those should be support plugins that are reused
+  // through your application
+  fastify.register(AutoLoad, {
+    dir: path.join(__dirname, 'plugins'),
+    options: Object.assign({}, opts)
+  })
+
+  // This loads all plugins defined in routes
+  // define your routes in one of these
+  fastify.register(AutoLoad, {
+    dir: path.join(__dirname, 'routes'),
+    options: Object.assign({}, opts)
+  })
+}

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/deployment/fastify-app-svc.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: fastify-app-svc
+  labels:
+    run: fastify
+spec:
+  selector:
+    app: fastify
+  ports:
+    - protocol: TCP
+      port: 3000
+      targetPort: 3000
+  type: NodePort

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/deployment/fastify-app.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: fastify-app
+  labels:
+    app: fastify
+spec:
+  replicas: 3
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: fastify
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: fastify
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: fastify-app
+        image: fastify-microservice:latest
+        imagePullPolicy: Never
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 3000

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+  "name": "fastify-microservice",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "description": "",
+  "main": "app.js",
+  "directories": {
+    "test": "test"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "tap test/**/*.test.js",
+    "start": "fastify start -l info app.js",
+    "dev": "fastify start -w -l info -P app.js"
+  },
+  "keywords": [],
+  "author": "",
+  "license": "ISC",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "fastify": "^3.0.0",
+    "fastify-plugin": "^2.0.0",
+    "fastify-autoload": "^3.0.2",
+    "fastify-cli": "^2.0.2"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "tap": "^14.0.0"
+  }
+}

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/plugins/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Plugins Folder
+
+Plugins define behavior that is common to all the routes in your
+application. Authentication, caching, templates, and all the other cross
+cutting concerns should be handled by plugins placed in this folder.
+
+Files in this folder are typically defined through the
+[`fastify-plugin`](https://github.com/fastify/fastify-plugin) module,
+making them non-encapsulated. They can define decorators and set hooks
+that will then be used in the rest of your application.
+
+Check out:
+
+* [The hitchhiker's guide to plugins](https://github.com/fastify/fastify/blob/master/docs/Plugins-Guide.md)
+* [Fastify decorators](https://www.fastify.io/docs/latest/Decorators/).
+* [Fastify lifecycle](https://www.fastify.io/docs/latest/Lifecycle/).

Chapter11/fastify-microservice/routes/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Services Folder
+
+Services define routes within your application. Fastify provides an
+easy path to a microservice architecture, in the future you might want
+to independently deploy some of those.
+
+In this folder you should define all the services that define the routes
+of your web application.
+Each service is a [Fastify
+plugin](https://www.fastify.io/docs/latest/Plugins/), it is
+encapsulated (it can have its own independent plugins) and it is
+typically stored in a file; be careful to group your routes logically,
+e.g. all `/users` routes in a `users.js` file. We have added
+a `root.js` file for you with a '/' root added.
+
+If a single file become too large, create a folder and add a `index.js` file there:
+this file must be a Fastify plugin, and it will be loaded automatically
+by the application. You can now add as many files as you want inside that folder.
+In this way you can create complex services within a single monolith,
+and eventually extract them.
+
+If you need to share functionality between services, place that
+functionality into the `plugins` folder, and share it via
+[decorators](https://www.fastify.io/docs/latest/Decorators/).
+
+If you have a bit confused about using `async/await` write services, you would better take a look at [Promise resolution](https://github.com/fastify/fastify/blob/master/docs/Routes.md#promise-resolution) for more details.

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+node_modules
+npm-debug.log
+/dist
+# Cache used by TypeScript's incremental build
+*.tsbuildinfo

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.eslintignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+node_modules/
+dist/
+coverage/

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.eslintrc.js

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module.exports = {
+  extends: '@loopback/eslint-config',
+};

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# Logs
+logs
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+
+# Runtime data
+pids
+*.pid
+*.seed
+*.pid.lock
+
+# Directory for instrumented libs generated by jscoverage/JSCover
+lib-cov
+
+# Coverage directory used by tools like istanbul
+coverage
+
+# nyc test coverage
+.nyc_output
+
+# Grunt intermediate storage (http://gruntjs.com/creating-plugins#storing-task-files)
+.grunt
+
+# Bower dependency directory (https://bower.io/)
+bower_components
+
+# node-waf configuration
+.lock-wscript
+
+# Compiled binary addons (http://nodejs.org/api/addons.html)
+build/Release
+
+# Dependency directories
+node_modules/
+jspm_packages/
+
+# Typescript v1 declaration files
+typings/
+
+# Optional npm cache directory
+.npm
+
+# Optional eslint cache
+.eslintcache
+
+# Optional REPL history
+.node_repl_history
+
+# Output of 'npm pack'
+*.tgz
+
+# Yarn Integrity file
+.yarn-integrity
+
+# dotenv environment variables file
+.env
+
+# Transpiled JavaScript files from Typescript
+/dist
+
+# Cache used by TypeScript's incremental build
+*.tsbuildinfo

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.mocharc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "recursive": true,
+  "require": "source-map-support/register"
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.npmrc

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+package-lock=true
+scripts-prepend-node-path=true

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.prettierignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+dist
+*.json

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.prettierrc

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "bracketSpacing": false,
+  "singleQuote": true,
+  "printWidth": 80,
+  "trailingComma": "all",
+  "arrowParens": "avoid"
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.vscode/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{
+  "editor.rulers": [80],
+  "editor.tabCompletion": "on",
+  "editor.tabSize": 2,
+  "editor.trimAutoWhitespace": true,
+  "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+  "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
+    "source.organizeImports": true,
+    "source.fixAll.eslint": true
+  },
+
+  "files.exclude": {
+    "**/.DS_Store": true,
+    "**/.git": true,
+    "**/.hg": true,
+    "**/.svn": true,
+    "**/CVS": true,
+    "dist": true,
+  },
+  "files.insertFinalNewline": true,
+  "files.trimTrailingWhitespace": true,
+
+  "typescript.tsdk": "./node_modules/typescript/lib",
+  "typescript.format.insertSpaceAfterOpeningAndBeforeClosingNonemptyBraces": false,
+  "typescript.preferences.quoteStyle": "single",
+  "eslint.run": "onSave",
+  "eslint.nodePath": "./node_modules",
+  "eslint.validate": [
+    "javascript",
+    "typescript"
+  ]
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.vscode/tasks.json

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{
+  // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
+  // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
+  "version": "2.0.0",
+  "tasks": [
+    {
+      "label": "Watch and Compile Project",
+      "type": "shell",
+      "command": "npm",
+      "args": ["--silent", "run", "build:watch"],
+      "group": {
+        "kind": "build",
+        "isDefault": true
+      },
+      "problemMatcher": "$tsc-watch"
+    },
+    {
+      "label": "Build, Test and Lint",
+      "type": "shell",
+      "command": "npm",
+      "args": ["--silent", "run", "test:dev"],
+      "group": {
+        "kind": "test",
+        "isDefault": true
+      },
+      "problemMatcher": ["$tsc", "$eslint-compact", "$eslint-stylish"]
+    }
+  ]
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/.yo-rc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "@loopback/cli": {
+    "version": "2.10.0",
+    "packageManager": "npm"
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/DEVELOPING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Developer's Guide
+
+We use Visual Studio Code for developing LoopBack and recommend the same to our
+users.
+
+## VSCode setup
+
+Install the following extensions:
+
+ - [eslint](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=dbaeumer.vscode-eslint)
+ - [prettier](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=esbenp.prettier-vscode)
+
+## Development workflow
+
+### Visual Studio Code
+
+1. Start the build task (Cmd+Shift+B) to run TypeScript compiler in the
+   background, watching and recompiling files as you change them. Compilation
+   errors will be shown in the VSCode's "PROBLEMS" window.
+
+2. Execute "Run Rest Task" from the Command Palette (Cmd+Shift+P) to re-run the
+   test suite and lint the code for both programming and style errors. Linting
+   errors will be shown in VSCode's "PROBLEMS" window. Failed tests are printed
+   to terminal output only.
+
+### Other editors/IDEs
+
+1. Open a new terminal window/tab and start the continuous build process via
+   `npm run build:watch`. It will run TypeScript compiler in watch mode,
+   recompiling files as you change them. Any compilation errors will be printed
+   to the terminal.
+
+2. In your main terminal window/tab, run `npm run test:dev` to re-run the test
+   suite and lint the code for both programming and style errors. You should run
+   this command manually whenever you have new changes to test. Test failures
+   and linter errors will be printed to the terminal.

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Check out https://hub.docker.com/_/node to select a new base image
+FROM node:10-slim
+
+# Set to a non-root built-in user `node`
+USER node
+
+# Create app directory (with user `node`)
+RUN mkdir -p /home/node/app
+
+WORKDIR /home/node/app
+
+# Install app dependencies
+# A wildcard is used to ensure both package.json AND package-lock.json are copied
+# where available (npm@5+)
+COPY --chown=node package*.json ./
+
+RUN npm install
+
+# Bundle app source code
+COPY --chown=node . .
+
+RUN npm run build
+
+# Bind to all network interfaces so that it can be mapped to the host OS
+ENV HOST=0.0.0.0 PORT=3000
+
+EXPOSE ${PORT}
+CMD [ "node", "." ]

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# loopback-bookstore
+
+[![LoopBack](https://github.com/strongloop/loopback-next/raw/master/docs/site/imgs/branding/Powered-by-LoopBack-Badge-(blue)-@2x.png)](http://loopback.io/)

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+{
+  "name": "loopback-bookstore",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "description": "loopback-bookstore",
+  "keywords": [
+    "loopback-application",
+    "loopback"
+  ],
+  "main": "dist/index.js",
+  "types": "dist/index.d.ts",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=10.16"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "build": "lb-tsc",
+    "build:watch": "lb-tsc --watch",
+    "lint": "npm run prettier:check && npm run eslint",
+    "lint:fix": "npm run eslint:fix && npm run prettier:fix",
+    "prettier:cli": "lb-prettier \"**/*.ts\" \"**/*.js\"",
+    "prettier:check": "npm run prettier:cli -- -l",
+    "prettier:fix": "npm run prettier:cli -- --write",
+    "eslint": "lb-eslint --report-unused-disable-directives .",
+    "eslint:fix": "npm run eslint -- --fix",
+    "pretest": "npm run clean && npm run build",
+    "test": "lb-mocha --allow-console-logs \"dist/__tests__\"",
+    "posttest": "npm run lint",
+    "test:dev": "lb-mocha --allow-console-logs dist/__tests__/**/*.js && npm run posttest",
+    "docker:build": "docker build -t loopback-bookstore .",
+    "docker:run": "docker run -p 3000:3000 -d loopback-bookstore",
+    "migrate": "node ./dist/migrate",
+    "openapi-spec": "node ./dist/openapi-spec",
+    "prestart": "npm run build",
+    "start": "node -r source-map-support/register .",
+    "clean": "lb-clean dist *.tsbuildinfo .eslintcache"
+  },
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git"
+  },
+  "author": "",
+  "license": "",
+  "files": [
+    "README.md",
+    "dist",
+    "src",
+    "!*/__tests__"
+  ],
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@loopback/boot": "^2.3.5",
+    "@loopback/core": "^2.9.1",
+    "@loopback/openapi-v3": "^3.4.5",
+    "@loopback/repository": "^2.9.0",
+    "@loopback/rest": "^5.2.0",
+    "@loopback/rest-explorer": "^2.2.6",
+    "@loopback/service-proxy": "^2.3.4",
+    "tslib": "^2.0.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@loopback/build": "^6.1.0",
+    "source-map-support": "^0.5.19",
+    "@loopback/testlab": "^3.2.0",
+    "@types/node": "^10.17.26",
+    "@loopback/eslint-config": "^8.0.3",
+    "eslint": "^7.3.1",
+    "typescript": "~3.9.5"
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/public/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+
+<head>
+  <title>loopback-bookstore</title>
+
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://loopback.io/favicon.ico">
+
+  <style>
+    h3 {
+      margin-left: 25px;
+      text-align: center;
+    }
+
+    a, a:visited {
+      color: #3f5dff;
+    }
+
+    h3 a {
+      margin-left: 10px;
+    }
+
+    a:hover, a:focus, a:active {
+      color: #001956;
+    }
+
+    .power {
+      position: absolute;
+      bottom: 25px;
+      left: 50%;
+      transform: translateX(-50%);
+    }
+
+    .info {
+      position: absolute;
+      top: 50%;
+      left: 50%;
+      transform: translate(-50%, -50%)
+    }
+
+    .info h1 {
+      text-align: center;
+      margin-bottom: 0;
+    }
+
+    .info p {
+      text-align: center;
+      margin-bottom: 3em;
+      margin-top: 1em;
+    }
+
+    @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+      body {
+        background-color: rgb(29, 30, 32);
+        color: white;
+      }
+
+      a, a:visited {
+        color: #4990e2;
+      }
+
+      a:hover, a:focus, a:active {
+        color: #2b78ff;
+      }
+    }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+  <div class="info">
+    <h1>loopback-bookstore</h1>
+    <p>Version 1.0.0</p>
+
+    <h3>OpenAPI spec: <a href="/openapi.json">/openapi.json</a></h3>
+    <h3>API Explorer: <a href="/explorer">/explorer</a></h3>
+  </div>
+
+  <footer class="power">
+    <a href="https://loopback.io" target="_blank">
+      <img src="https://loopback.io/images/branding/powered-by-loopback/blue/powered-by-loopback-sm.png" />
+    </a>
+  </footer>
+</body>
+
+</html>

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/__tests__/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Tests
+
+Please place your tests in this folder.

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/__tests__/acceptance/home-page.acceptance.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import {Client} from '@loopback/testlab';
+import {LoopbackBookstoreApplication} from '../..';
+import {setupApplication} from './test-helper';
+
+describe('HomePage', () => {
+  let app: LoopbackBookstoreApplication;
+  let client: Client;
+
+  before('setupApplication', async () => {
+    ({app, client} = await setupApplication());
+  });
+
+  after(async () => {
+    await app.stop();
+  });
+
+  it('exposes a default home page', async () => {
+    await client
+      .get('/')
+      .expect(200)
+      .expect('Content-Type', /text\/html/);
+  });
+
+  it('exposes self-hosted explorer', async () => {
+    await client
+      .get('/explorer/')
+      .expect(200)
+      .expect('Content-Type', /text\/html/)
+      .expect(/<title>LoopBack API Explorer/);
+  });
+});

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/__tests__/acceptance/ping.controller.acceptance.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import {Client, expect} from '@loopback/testlab';
+import {LoopbackBookstoreApplication} from '../..';
+import {setupApplication} from './test-helper';
+
+describe('PingController', () => {
+  let app: LoopbackBookstoreApplication;
+  let client: Client;
+
+  before('setupApplication', async () => {
+    ({app, client} = await setupApplication());
+  });
+
+  after(async () => {
+    await app.stop();
+  });
+
+  it('invokes GET /ping', async () => {
+    const res = await client.get('/ping?msg=world').expect(200);
+    expect(res.body).to.containEql({greeting: 'Hello from LoopBack'});
+  });
+});

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/__tests__/acceptance/test-helper.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import {LoopbackBookstoreApplication} from '../..';
+import {
+  createRestAppClient,
+  givenHttpServerConfig,
+  Client,
+} from '@loopback/testlab';
+
+export async function setupApplication(): Promise<AppWithClient> {
+  const restConfig = givenHttpServerConfig({
+    // Customize the server configuration here.
+    // Empty values (undefined, '') will be ignored by the helper.
+    //
+    // host: process.env.HOST,
+    // port: +process.env.PORT,
+  });
+
+  const app = new LoopbackBookstoreApplication({
+    rest: restConfig,
+  });
+
+  await app.boot();
+  await app.start();
+
+  const client = createRestAppClient(app);
+
+  return {app, client};
+}
+
+export interface AppWithClient {
+  app: LoopbackBookstoreApplication;
+  client: Client;
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/application.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import {BootMixin} from '@loopback/boot';
+import {ApplicationConfig} from '@loopback/core';
+import {
+  RestExplorerBindings,
+  RestExplorerComponent,
+} from '@loopback/rest-explorer';
+import {RepositoryMixin} from '@loopback/repository';
+import {RestApplication} from '@loopback/rest';
+import {ServiceMixin} from '@loopback/service-proxy';
+import path from 'path';
+import {MySequence} from './sequence';
+
+export {ApplicationConfig};
+
+export class LoopbackBookstoreApplication extends BootMixin(
+  ServiceMixin(RepositoryMixin(RestApplication)),
+) {
+  constructor(options: ApplicationConfig = {}) {
+    super(options);
+
+    // Set up the custom sequence
+    this.sequence(MySequence);
+
+    // Set up default home page
+    this.static('/', path.join(__dirname, '../public'));
+
+    // Customize @loopback/rest-explorer configuration here
+    this.configure(RestExplorerBindings.COMPONENT).to({
+      path: '/explorer',
+    });
+    this.component(RestExplorerComponent);
+
+    this.projectRoot = __dirname;
+    // Customize @loopback/boot Booter Conventions here
+    this.bootOptions = {
+      controllers: {
+        // Customize ControllerBooter Conventions here
+        dirs: ['controllers'],
+        extensions: ['.controller.js'],
+        nested: true,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/controllers/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Controllers
+
+This directory contains source files for the controllers exported by this app.
+
+To add a new empty controller, type in `lb4 controller [<name>]` from the
+command-line of your application's root directory.
+
+For more information, please visit
+[Controller generator](http://loopback.io/doc/en/lb4/Controller-generator.html).

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/controllers/books.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+import {
+  Count,
+  CountSchema,
+  Filter,
+  FilterExcludingWhere,
+  repository,
+  Where,
+} from '@loopback/repository';
+import {
+  post,
+  param,
+  get,
+  getModelSchemaRef,
+  patch,
+  put,
+  del,
+  requestBody,
+} from '@loopback/rest';
+import {Book} from '../models';
+import {BookRepository} from '../repositories';
+
+export class BooksController {
+  constructor(
+    @repository(BookRepository)
+    public bookRepository : BookRepository,
+  ) {}
+
+  @post('/books', {
+    responses: {
+      '200': {
+        description: 'Book model instance',
+        content: {'application/json': {schema: getModelSchemaRef(Book)}},
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async create(
+    @requestBody({
+      content: {
+        'application/json': {
+          schema: getModelSchemaRef(Book, {
+            title: 'NewBook',
+            exclude: ['id'],
+          }),
+        },
+      },
+    })
+    book: Omit<Book, 'id'>,
+  ): Promise<Book> {
+    return this.bookRepository.create(book);
+  }
+
+  @get('/books/count', {
+    responses: {
+      '200': {
+        description: 'Book model count',
+        content: {'application/json': {schema: CountSchema}},
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async count(
+    @param.where(Book) where?: Where<Book>,
+  ): Promise<Count> {
+    return this.bookRepository.count(where);
+  }
+
+  @get('/books', {
+    responses: {
+      '200': {
+        description: 'Array of Book model instances',
+        content: {
+          'application/json': {
+            schema: {
+              type: 'array',
+              items: getModelSchemaRef(Book, {includeRelations: true}),
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async find(
+    @param.filter(Book) filter?: Filter<Book>,
+  ): Promise<Book[]> {
+    return this.bookRepository.find(filter);
+  }
+
+  @patch('/books', {
+    responses: {
+      '200': {
+        description: 'Book PATCH success count',
+        content: {'application/json': {schema: CountSchema}},
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async updateAll(
+    @requestBody({
+      content: {
+        'application/json': {
+          schema: getModelSchemaRef(Book, {partial: true}),
+        },
+      },
+    })
+    book: Book,
+    @param.where(Book) where?: Where<Book>,
+  ): Promise<Count> {
+    return this.bookRepository.updateAll(book, where);
+  }
+
+  @get('/books/{id}', {
+    responses: {
+      '200': {
+        description: 'Book model instance',
+        content: {
+          'application/json': {
+            schema: getModelSchemaRef(Book, {includeRelations: true}),
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async findById(
+    @param.path.number('id') id: number,
+    @param.filter(Book, {exclude: 'where'}) filter?: FilterExcludingWhere<Book>
+  ): Promise<Book> {
+    return this.bookRepository.findById(id, filter);
+  }
+
+  @patch('/books/{id}', {
+    responses: {
+      '204': {
+        description: 'Book PATCH success',
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async updateById(
+    @param.path.number('id') id: number,
+    @requestBody({
+      content: {
+        'application/json': {
+          schema: getModelSchemaRef(Book, {partial: true}),
+        },
+      },
+    })
+    book: Book,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.bookRepository.updateById(id, book);
+  }
+
+  @put('/books/{id}', {
+    responses: {
+      '204': {
+        description: 'Book PUT success',
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async replaceById(
+    @param.path.number('id') id: number,
+    @requestBody() book: Book,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.bookRepository.replaceById(id, book);
+  }
+
+  @del('/books/{id}', {
+    responses: {
+      '204': {
+        description: 'Book DELETE success',
+      },
+    },
+  })
+  async deleteById(@param.path.number('id') id: number): Promise<void> {
+    await this.bookRepository.deleteById(id);
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/controllers/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+export * from './ping.controller';
+export * from './books.controller';

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/controllers/ping.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import {Request, RestBindings, get, ResponseObject} from '@loopback/rest';
+import {inject} from '@loopback/core';
+
+/**
+ * OpenAPI response for ping()
+ */
+const PING_RESPONSE: ResponseObject = {
+  description: 'Ping Response',
+  content: {
+    'application/json': {
+      schema: {
+        type: 'object',
+        title: 'PingResponse',
+        properties: {
+          greeting: {type: 'string'},
+          date: {type: 'string'},
+          url: {type: 'string'},
+          headers: {
+            type: 'object',
+            properties: {
+              'Content-Type': {type: 'string'},
+            },
+            additionalProperties: true,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+/**
+ * A simple controller to bounce back http requests
+ */
+export class PingController {
+  constructor(@inject(RestBindings.Http.REQUEST) private req: Request) {}
+
+  // Map to `GET /ping`
+  @get('/ping', {
+    responses: {
+      '200': PING_RESPONSE,
+    },
+  })
+  ping(): object {
+    // Reply with a greeting, the current time, the url, and request headers
+    return {
+      greeting: 'Hello from LoopBack',
+      date: new Date(),
+      url: this.req.url,
+      headers: Object.assign({}, this.req.headers),
+    };
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/datasources/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Datasources
+
+This directory contains config for datasources used by this app.

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/datasources/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export * from './local.datasource';

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/datasources/local.datasource.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import {inject, lifeCycleObserver, LifeCycleObserver} from '@loopback/core';
+import {juggler} from '@loopback/repository';
+
+const config = {
+  name: 'local',
+  connector: 'memory',
+  localStorage: '',
+  file: ''
+};
+
+// Observe application's life cycle to disconnect the datasource when
+// application is stopped. This allows the application to be shut down
+// gracefully. The `stop()` method is inherited from `juggler.DataSource`.
+// Learn more at https://loopback.io/doc/en/lb4/Life-cycle.html
+@lifeCycleObserver('datasource')
+export class LocalDataSource extends juggler.DataSource
+  implements LifeCycleObserver {
+  static dataSourceName = 'local';
+  static readonly defaultConfig = config;
+
+  constructor(
+    @inject('datasources.config.local', {optional: true})
+    dsConfig: object = config,
+  ) {
+    super(dsConfig);
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import {ApplicationConfig, LoopbackBookstoreApplication} from './application';
+
+export * from './application';
+
+export async function main(options: ApplicationConfig = {}) {
+  const app = new LoopbackBookstoreApplication(options);
+  await app.boot();
+  await app.start();
+
+  const url = app.restServer.url;
+  console.log(`Server is running at ${url}`);
+  console.log(`Try ${url}/ping`);
+
+  return app;
+}
+
+if (require.main === module) {
+  // Run the application
+  const config = {
+    rest: {
+      port: +(process.env.PORT ?? 3000),
+      host: process.env.HOST,
+      // The `gracePeriodForClose` provides a graceful close for http/https
+      // servers with keep-alive clients. The default value is `Infinity`
+      // (don't force-close). If you want to immediately destroy all sockets
+      // upon stop, set its value to `0`.
+      // See https://www.npmjs.com/package/stoppable
+      gracePeriodForClose: 5000, // 5 seconds
+      openApiSpec: {
+        // useful when used with OpenAPI-to-GraphQL to locate your application
+        setServersFromRequest: true,
+      },
+    },
+  };
+  main(config).catch(err => {
+    console.error('Cannot start the application.', err);
+    process.exit(1);
+  });
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/migrate.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import {LoopbackBookstoreApplication} from './application';
+
+export async function migrate(args: string[]) {
+  const existingSchema = args.includes('--rebuild') ? 'drop' : 'alter';
+  console.log('Migrating schemas (%s existing schema)', existingSchema);
+
+  const app = new LoopbackBookstoreApplication();
+  await app.boot();
+  await app.migrateSchema({existingSchema});
+
+  // Connectors usually keep a pool of opened connections,
+  // this keeps the process running even after all work is done.
+  // We need to exit explicitly.
+  process.exit(0);
+}
+
+migrate(process.argv).catch(err => {
+  console.error('Cannot migrate database schema', err);
+  process.exit(1);
+});

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/models/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Models
+
+This directory contains code for models provided by this app.

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/models/book.model.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import {Entity, model, property} from '@loopback/repository';
+
+@model()
+export class Book extends Entity {
+  @property({
+    type: 'number',
+    id: true,
+    generated: true,
+  })
+  id?: number;
+
+  @property({
+    type: 'string',
+    required: true,
+  })
+  title: string;
+
+  @property({
+    type: 'string',
+    required: true,
+  })
+  author: string;
+
+
+  constructor(data?: Partial<Book>) {
+    super(data);
+  }
+}
+
+export interface BookRelations {
+  // describe navigational properties here
+}
+
+export type BookWithRelations = Book & BookRelations;

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/models/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export * from './book.model';

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/openapi-spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import {ApplicationConfig} from '@loopback/core';
+import {LoopbackBookstoreApplication} from './application';
+
+/**
+ * Export the OpenAPI spec from the application
+ */
+async function exportOpenApiSpec(): Promise<void> {
+  const config: ApplicationConfig = {
+    rest: {
+      port: +(process.env.PORT ?? 3000),
+      host: process.env.HOST ?? 'localhost',
+    },
+  };
+  const outFile = process.argv[2] ?? '';
+  const app = new LoopbackBookstoreApplication(config);
+  await app.boot();
+  await app.exportOpenApiSpec(outFile);
+}
+
+exportOpenApiSpec().catch(err => {
+  console.error('Fail to export OpenAPI spec from the application.', err);
+  process.exit(1);
+});

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/repositories/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Repositories
+
+This directory contains code for repositories provided by this app.

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/repositories/book.repository.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import {DefaultCrudRepository} from '@loopback/repository';
+import {Book, BookRelations} from '../models';
+import {LocalDataSource} from '../datasources';
+import {inject} from '@loopback/core';
+
+export class BookRepository extends DefaultCrudRepository<
+  Book,
+  typeof Book.prototype.id,
+  BookRelations
+> {
+  constructor(
+    @inject('datasources.local') dataSource: LocalDataSource,
+  ) {
+    super(Book, dataSource);
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/repositories/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export * from './book.repository';

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/src/sequence.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import {inject} from '@loopback/core';
+import {
+  FindRoute,
+  InvokeMethod,
+  InvokeMiddleware,
+  ParseParams,
+  Reject,
+  RequestContext,
+  RestBindings,
+  Send,
+  SequenceHandler,
+} from '@loopback/rest';
+
+const SequenceActions = RestBindings.SequenceActions;
+
+export class MySequence implements SequenceHandler {
+  /**
+   * Optional invoker for registered middleware in a chain.
+   * To be injected via SequenceActions.INVOKE_MIDDLEWARE.
+   */
+  @inject(SequenceActions.INVOKE_MIDDLEWARE, {optional: true})
+  protected invokeMiddleware: InvokeMiddleware = () => false;
+
+  constructor(
+    @inject(SequenceActions.FIND_ROUTE) protected findRoute: FindRoute,
+    @inject(SequenceActions.PARSE_PARAMS) protected parseParams: ParseParams,
+    @inject(SequenceActions.INVOKE_METHOD) protected invoke: InvokeMethod,
+    @inject(SequenceActions.SEND) public send: Send,
+    @inject(SequenceActions.REJECT) public reject: Reject,
+  ) {}
+
+  async handle(context: RequestContext) {
+    try {
+      const {request, response} = context;
+      const finished = await this.invokeMiddleware(context);
+      if (finished) return;
+      const route = this.findRoute(request);
+      const args = await this.parseParams(request, route);
+      const result = await this.invoke(route, args);
+      this.send(response, result);
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.reject(context, err);
+    }
+  }
+}

Chapter11/loopback-bookstore/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "http://json.schemastore.org/tsconfig",
+  "extends": "@loopback/build/config/tsconfig.common.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "outDir": "dist",
+    "rootDir": "src"
+  },
+  "include": ["src"]
+}